Analyze readings and tv episode Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analyze readings and tv episode - Essay Example However, it is noticeable that the recent trend represents a paradigm shift in celebrity development. What is apparent is a programmatic shift in the way the contemporary celebrity is developed through concurrent media – television and internet-based branding in particular. Thus, no longer are only the elites with their extraordinary levels of consciousness considered as an important pool of personnel to be regarded for mainstream celebrity, as Hearn illustrates, â€Å"Psychoanalytic  concerns about unconscious  identity formation are for the most part, left to the side here, as are any claims about essential human nature† (198). This has paved way for Ordinariness amongst the recent wave of celebrity development, which, rest assured, has always enjoyed a certain repertoire amongst the discourses of mass celebrities along with denoting essential ingredients of various film and televised content (Bonner). Turner refers to this phenomenon as the demotic turn (153-154) which signifies a convergence of ordinary and celebrity. While there is inherent contradictoriness in the discourses of celebrity itself, as a celebrity by nature cannot be ordinary once elevated by mass appeal, this contradiction is what enhances the apparent widespread acceptance and validation of reality tv shows and the celebrity development it engages in. ... sess singing skills to audition and be judged by a panel in order to partake further in various singing formats with the promise of a reward for the winner in the form of a contract with a leading record label. The participants are initially screened by a panel but later voted on by the general population in a seemingly democratic process of selection. The particular episode in question was part of season 11 episode 1, and was aired on January 18th, 2012. Analysis Turner’s principles of demotic turn were primarily aimed at the understanding of recent celebrity proliferation in mass media. His focus was to determine how self-branding techniques in popular media such as reality TV shows, DIY internet websites, radio talk shows etc. serve to exacerbate the systematic popularization of ordinary people in order to classify them celebrity status. His acknowledgement of the self is characterized by self-recognition, a distinct identity that is argued in the public’s redeeming eye, accepted and promoted. Reality TV accounts for a certain kind of recognition of self as well, as witnessed in American Idol over its tenure. Participants occasionally have to make their case in front of the judges in terms of qualities other than singing, which the show wholly comprises of. Turner cites William Hung as an example, who although never qualified past the screening process, argued that he did not have any training in singing or dancing which he seemed to believe identified him as unique (154). However, he most certainly classified as entertainment, and was rewarded by the show in subsequent re-runs of his audition as part of the show’s promotion. He engaged in a modern form of promotion that Hearn describes as a by-product of self-branding, a methodic interpretation of brand

The Us-Versus-Them Mentality In 2008’s Presidential Campaign Essay Example for Free

The Us-Versus-Them Mentality In 2008’s Presidential Campaign Essay The graphic novel, Maus, by Art Spiegelman, tells the story of a Polish Jew’s memories of his experience during the Holocaust. Drawn as mice, the Jews have faced a variety of psychological warfare, including xenophobia, scapegoating, dehumanization, and us-vs. -them dichotomy where the terrible events of the Holocaust were justified. The Holocaust was one of the most terrible events in human history, and decades later, scholars from many branches of academia still strive to understand such a dark historical event. Unfortunately, aspects leading up to the Holocaust still exist in the world today. While few current issues compare in magnitude to that of the Holocaust, such activities such as xenophobia, scapegoating, dehumanization, and divisive, dichotomous thought pervade populations everywhere. Although such negative sentiments always threaten negative results, in the US in the year 2008, one major historical movement and event occurred that promises a possible relief from such a divisive past. This historic movement and event is Barack Obama’s campaign, in which an African American ran for President of the United States and was the victor, becoming the first ever African American president of the country. But the campaign was not free of strife. This paper argues that while dichotomous, â€Å"us vs. them† elements in the year 2008’s presidential campaign were not systematically acted out as they were in the Holocaust, there existed similar instances of that mentality during the campaign timeframe. In the past decade, partisanship has set two major groups of Americans at odds with each other in the form of Democrat vs. Republicans. However, this past presidential campaign, or even in the past decade, the fever pitch of â€Å"us vs. them† has not escaped many people, and â€Å"Democrat† or â€Å"Republican† began to be expressed in layers of differences. Chuck Raasch of USAToday reports that: Americans fought a terrible civil war on all three fronts. A century later, Northerners saw Southerners as oppressors during struggles over civil rights, and Southerners viewed Northerners as meddlers. Even the Inside the Beltway label continues a deeply rooted, us-versus-them mentality of the nations capital. Despite the elevation of a black man and a white woman to the Democratic and Republican presidential tickets, respectively, the election of 2008 has played often to those divides. In her article Unleashed, Palin Makes a Pit Bull Look Tame, Dana Milbank of the Washington Post describes the crowd’s response, [who were] â€Å"waving thunder sticks and shouting abuse. Others hurled obscenities at a camera crew. One Palin supporter shouted a racial epithet at an African American sound man for a network and told him, Sit down, boy (p. A03). † While divisive expressions such as these seem far away from the Holocaust, one must consider Peter Suedfeld’s words regarding the genesis of anti-Semitism in the time before the Holocaust: Sherif et al. (1961/1988) demonstrated how leaders, by framing situations in terms of intergroup competition, can produce hostility and aggressive behaviour between component groups. We can see the workings of an ingrained us-vs-them mentality in experimental minimal groups (Tajfel et al. , 1971), which are composed in a completely arbitrary way and whose members never even meet each other (3). This explanation could very well describe the actions of leaders in political parties as well as group behaviors in response to leaders. Sarah Palin could be seen to â€Å"frame situations† such that â€Å"intergroup competition† occurs, as it does in the Republican furor over the Democrate presidential candidate. Partisanship was not the only exhibition of us-versus-them behavior during the past year. Dedication to one’s country came into question in which the concepts of American versus anti-American were introduced. According to Bob Lonsberry in his article â€Å"What’s Wrong With a Marxist? †, a person who is American is one who sees two irreconcilable extremes between Karl Marx and John Locke, and if a person takes into regard the writings of Karl Marx, then he or she is â€Å"anti-American. † If an American is to be truly American, they must adopt similar ways of thinking in which Marxism, communist, and other similar ontological principles must be absolutely shunned because they repudiate everything America stands for. These sentiments before the Holocaust were similar. In place of anti-Americans were the Jews. Andre Minaeu writes: To the Nazis, all things seriously afflicting Germany and the Aryan race were ultimately Jewish or Jewish-inspired. In this sense, the Jewish people were the quintessential enemy of Nazi totalitarianism. The latter elevated Jewry, so to speak, to the rank of an evil ontological principle against which struggle was to be universal (17). In this sense, anti-Americans are philosophically against everything Americans stand for and should be beaten politically, while Jews represented everything the Nazis stood for, which caused them to become an evil philosophical principle. No other dichotomy is more apparent in both Holocaust and the 2008 presidential campaign than ethnicity. The question of race—and one’s ethnicity—became a large factor due to the mixed-race heritage of Barack Obama. Historically, part of Obama’s ethnicity had been under the awful yoke of slavery and then the struggle of civil rights. One can see this in the words of Martin Luther King, Jr: I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama†¦ little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers (60). The question of Jewsishness—both an ethnicity as well as a belief system—was subject of life and death for six million people during World War II. Historically, Jews have also been slaves, and their ethnicity and religion have played a large role in their struggles in past centuries. Paul Johnson explains this in his book The History of the Jews by quoting Dietrich Bonhoeffer, an ex-prisoner of the Nazis: We have learned to see the great events of world history from below, from the perspective of those who are excluded, under suspicion, ill-treated, powerless, oppressed, and scorned, in short those who suffer (2). It is not a subtle expression in either of these two statements that the writers and speakers felt that their world was divided in groups, and they were the â€Å"them† in the phrase â€Å"us-versus-them. † While the us-versus-them mentality might seem as if it would haunt human interaction for all time, there have always been historical figures who have sought to overcome the divisiveness by seeking common ground. Perhaps the most famous of those is Abraham Lincoln, who spoke these words: A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved I do not expect the house to fall but I do expect it will cease to be divided (Lincoln). Martin Luther King, Jr. is another figure who sought to overcome injustice and inequality through nonviolent means. Current scholars are improving and applying techniques for nonviolent conflict resolution (Suedfeld 2006, p. 7). In regards to the Holocaust, there are many studies about the tragedy in many areas of study, from psychology to politics to sociology, as evidenced by the books The Making of the Holocaust: Ideology and Ethics in the Systems Perspective by Andre Mineau and Canadian Psychology addressing Holocaust reverberations fifty years later. Lastly, the end of the 2008 campaign year drew to a close, and Barack Obama has been elected President. While he emerged from one of the two major political parties in the US, his own sentiments in his book The Audacity of Hope strive for a bipartisan rather than a divided approach: Maybe there’s no escaping our great political divide, an endless clash of armies, and any attempts to alter the rules of engagement are futile. Or maybe the trivialization of politics has reached a point of no return, so that most people see it as just one more diversion, a sport†¦ We paint our faces red or blue and cheer our side and boo their side†¦ But I don’t think so. They are out there†¦ those ordinary citizens who have grown up in the midst of all the political and cultural battles, but who have found a way†¦ to make peace with their neighbors, and themselves (pp. 50-51). Violence stemmed from rabid divisiveness is what made the Holocaust so terrible. Therefore, any attempts to heal the us-versus-them mentality would have to be the opposite: peaceful actions that strive to bring humans together. Fortunately, if one could take lessons from Mahatma Ghandhi, Martin Luther King, Jr., Abraham Lincoln, and Barack Obama, then the possibility that discordant sentiments in the human populace may never take seed. WORKS CITED Johnson, Paul. A History of the Jews. HarperPerennial (1988). King, Jr. , Martin Luther. â€Å"The Dream†. Speech. Lincoln Memorial, Washington, DC. 28 August 1963. Lincoln, Abraham. House Divided Speech. Speech. Springfield, Illinois, June 16, 1858. Milbank, Dana. â€Å"Unleashed, Palin Makes a Pit Bull Look Tame. † Washington Post. October 7, 2008: A03. Minaeu, Andre. The Making of the Holocaust: Ideology and Ethics in the Systems Perspective. Amsterdam; Atlanta, Georgea: Rodopi, 1999.

Dr. Strangelove, by Stanley Kubrick :: Dr. Strangelove Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Dr. Strangelove, Stanley Kubrick took a serious issue and turned it into a political comedy. He was able to illustrate a satire of the hazardous notion of a nuclear war and the insane individuals who were coordinating it, and furthermore, addressed the issue of stereotyping. This movie was created in 1964; today in 2005, we still have nuclear weapons. Yes, the United States and other countries still have nuclear weapons, however, a question does arise, do we still have insane individuals coordinating war plans and security procedures? If you are expecting to find the answer in this essay, do not continue reading for that reason, the answer will not be found in this essay. The reason being is the answer needs to be realized and determined by every individual, not just me. However, if questioned that in Dr. Strangelove was there an individual who was insane and should he have not been placed in command of a military base, then I would have to answer yes there was such an individual. This individual was General Jack Ripper.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think that it was not coincidental that Kubrick named this individual Jack Ripper, but purposely did so. The real Jack Ripper was a serial killer. Not only does the name fit with the character in Dr. Strangelove, but also the images and actions often associated with the serial killer. Silent and cruel attacks, nighttime, darkness and dense fog are a few images associated with the serial killer. In the movie General Ripper was in a dark office, he ordered Wing Attack Plan R to bombard the Soviet Union with a nuclear bomb before they could respond, and right before killing himself he was in a cloudy/smoky room. The Wing Attack Plan R is my analysis of the silent and cruel killings. The cloudy/smoky room is the dense fog. And finally the darkness of General Ripper’s office fits with the darkness image. What was the purpose of General Ripper when looking at the movie as a whole?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is my analysis that Kurbrick was not just showing America the stupidity of nuclear war, but was also showing that the United States government often makes mistakes. One mistake, not just in the movie but in life, is the allocating of power to an individual who is not fit, whether mentally or physically, to have this power. When these individuals are allocated this power their actions can have a worldly consequence.

Interpretations with Shakespearean Drama Essay

As the director of this precise production, my idea and vision for the 21st century version of â€Å"The Seven Ages of Man† is to a certain extent, altered. There is a merely different scene, so I want to set it where it rather emulates the poem. Though it cannot befuddle the audience’s attention away from the speaker and poem. However, I do want the scene to be conspicuous and speak for itself. Generally, movie producers choose prevalent places for precise movies, for example, California, New York, Atlanta etc†¦ I chose to go a different route for this movie. I chose to do this scene in the mountains of Colorado, during the fall. Furthermore, I cannot disdain the character because he or she is a vital aspect to the movie. No doubt the person I choose for this movie is Denzel Washington. I have a vast amount of confidence in him that he is a prodigious person to play the part. This 21st century movie will be similar in specific ways, for example, the mood in this movie will be the exact same as in the second video on page four in the lesson. I want it to start the same way as well with Denzel having his arm on a tree and speaking the poem with an infuriated tone. Also, there will be a guy holding a war knife looking miffed and discerning about what ensued. The only difference will be is that there will not be anyone standing expect for Denzel and that there will not be a light for him to touch and the girl will not be touching her hair. Generally speaking, my new advised version of this play is awesome!

Great Little Box Company Case Study Essay

Problem Statement Idea Points – The company’s original informal, simple structure has moved on to an organic structure has now outgrown itself. How does GLBC implement a structural revival and still retain and absorb customers in a market that is no longer suffering an economic down turn. How can this new structure be used against the competition in a global market – How do we influence and delegate various levels of Authority and Legitimate power to employees to further organizational efficiency – How do we implement different concepts of power type to our current and future organizational design? – With the acquisition of new companies, interorganizational conflict will arise. Structural and personal factors lead to conflict in organizations. What key factors can we work on to heighten Emotional Intelligence? Symptoms – We can see that the company started as a small structure. The power was in the hands of Robert Meggie † taking orders to making sales calls to running one of the machines and shipping out the completed orders.† – Expert Power has been implemented through the hiring of a recently laid off salesperson from one of its largest companies (supply shipping first). The member of the organization â€Å"Upped our business 80 percent overnight† – and highlighted the importance of a strong sales force – Eventually Meggie required the skills and expertise of another person (for sales and marketing) Meggie was then responsible only for administration and production (we can see a change into a slightly more divisional structure, based on the services) – * Administration * Production *Marketing *Sales – The Six types of OD structures can fall under two comprehensive categories (Mechanistic and Organic) we can identify GLBC as being closer to the organic side. (No one company can be purely be from one side or the other) – We can see that size is increasing for the company (Absorption of Parrot Label (label capabilities), Vanisle Packaging (P provider on Vancouver Island), and Action Box Company (Lead provider of protective packaging in BC). This also forwards the Formalization and Specialization of the company. This in turns decentralizes decision-making. – The past economic downturn had the small, agile company cut into an edge in the market. However, the now growing expansion has the need for strategic leader ship that can facilitate access to the company’s capabilities and knowledge. – We do not have any type of standardization information present for this company. We have nothing that points to identification of a standardization of company management. (Rules, Policies, Documentation) – As the company is continuing to grow, centralization is also growing. This is demonstrated by the monthly meetings that Meggie administers. The information shared is a vehicle of empowerment for the people below him at the various locations. – Meggie also meets with everyone twice a year in groups, to provide â€Å"a state of the nation† (Centralized Authority Structure) – It is possible to assume that as the complexity of the structure increases, so does the political element of the strategic decision processes- As the company grows Meggie may be faces with a problem where he may have to balance efficiency orientation and the quality orientation of the organization. Problem Analysis – Information Technology and communication systems can lead to interworking with the company. These companies are less hierarchical and more engaged into external networking. – This will deter a delay in decision-making, and increase the quality of the decisions being made. The right information is meeting with the right people. And no one is being overloaded with data. – Coordinating plans can be not as effective in a changing structure, if the it is designed poorly – GLBC at times may experience powerlessness can due to existing staff being grouped with newly acquired companies, and experience conflict. (Changing OD Structure) – We must share power between people to project empowerment to the people? – Information Power is the access and control to information that can be used by managers to establish power. We should use current technologies to share the proper information to the right people – A high level of Vertical Differentiation must be in place for the organization to consider growing in size (global market). – Horizontal Differentiation must be at a level where the needs of the customers are met by the specific Organizational Units (domestic and foreign operations). Conflict can arise from the improper grouping of processes. Refer to page 253 (Technology) – Formalization, specialization, standardization, and centralization. – Must allow the proper authority to make key decisions, but allow the parent firm to allow the goals of the organization to be in check at the same time. Page 253 (Size) – Structural Factors can lead up to a cause of conflict in an organization. We can identify this through the specialization of companies that have been absorbed by GLBC. – In a big box company, Interdependence will become prevalent. All the groups rely on each other to create the finished product. It one section where to fail, it will be easy for one of the groups to blame another group.( Negative Consequences ) – Functional Conflict – Can be used to promote new solutions to problems and promote creativity. Recommended Solutions – We want to lead up to a semi – autonomous system. Where organizations can self-manage and controls themselves. o The negative consequence in choosing this route is the possibility if a section of the company to lose track of the focus of the company. o A section might be given so much freedom that they can lead to a huge economic loss in not in check o Can be positive due to authority based decisions to be transferred completely to another autonomous unit, thus having speed and being unhampered by politics. o Delegation of tasks (Semi-Autonomous) will always answer to the organization but still be allowed to do its own thing – Authority, Legitimate Power – Can be deployed to specific people with the use of information technology (For an example, Microsoft Domain Networks with separate Organizational Units) the proper people with have the proper knowledge, (The higher ups can be exposed to more but not actually work with it, people lower in the hierarchy can see less but more action orientated with it. (Goal setting mechanism)) o Very similar to authority, Based on mutual agreement of the structure and the target. We must make it visible to all workers, who is where and what they can do. o The negative side is that, people can choose to ignore people they do not respect. And later be swayed by referent power (They persons charisma) o It’s crucial to identify the group’s main source of authoritative inspirations and deploy someone who can meet the power needs. o A engineer is more likely to Expert Power and Reward Power more than the other power types. We can tell this by their personality type ENTJ INTP (Intuitive types). Perhaps even if we have a lot of EN** we can find a charismatic person that can a lot of expert power J – If we cannot show a proper power structure to a changing organization, we may find people attempt to resort to political power to gain power. For an example, character assassinations. People may start to take favourites or put down people that will not help them achieve their power goals. -People may try to gain people under a personal agenda book -Make themselves look socially better -Influence people without using power ethically – To deter this, again legitimate power can be instilled – Vertical Differentiation – We have to have solid management with Authority. Progression up the company is clear and hierarchical. Communication flows vertically up and down – Disadvantages We have individual containers for each section of a geographical area that is in charge of it owns sales, BUT Production is to remain consistent across all locations to have the brand product remain the same. The respective marketing is left up to the location is thus does not have to answer to the higher ups CEO in the company. This will prevent information overloading with the OD. The (Project Manager) will have the ability to work in two difference areas. As a regular projects manager in the Marketing Dept and as a functional Production manager. The right people to complete the tasks will be pulled from the locations thus leading to a organisations intimacy through the location. Also this provides for a need for achievement and affiliation. People will not feel like they are stuck in a certain area. In addition, the ability to flex positions would be present. Once they task is completed staff can be returned or combined with several structures creating a hybrid entity.

Essay on Surrealism Essay Example

Essay on Surrealism Essay Example Essay on Surrealism Essay Essay on Surrealism Essay The history of art can non be told without stepping on a few toes. There were many epochs in art history. some much more conservative than others. but none as controversial and bold as the Surrealism epoch. Although many people do non understand surrealism. one should ever esteem it because it is still an ineluctable portion of art history. and it gave a existent boot to the otherwise modern-day universe of art. This epoch in peculiar left a great grade buttocks. that is still seen in the art universe today. Surrealism broke tradition and opened heads to a whole new universe of possibilities. This epoch began as a reverberation of the First World War so that people could get away the abrasiveness of world. It started during a truly melancholic clip in history but it was made with a positive intent. The laminitiss of Surrealism included many out of the box writers and shortly after that. included many creative persons every bit good. Although the surrealism motion did non last for 100s of old ages. it did go forth a strong imprint in history. and any clip something has left a grade. contention follows near. Without larning the history of Surrealism and how it truly came to be. one can non anticipate to understand the impacts and analyze the creative persons of the epoch. First and first. Surrealism did non get down out as an artistic motion ; it was ab initio created as a literary motion by a poet named Andre Breton in 1924 after the publication of the Manifesto of Surrealism. [ 1 ] This motion began as a manner to truly let go of the unconscious head and do it a world ; it had no witting control and was free from all signifiers of convention. As said by Andre Breton. the ground behind Surrealism is to decide the antecedently contradictory conditions of dream and world into an absolute world. a super-reality. it was free spirited and automatic. Since this part in history was a truly black clip. as the war had merely ended and so many people were recognizing the true magnitude of what had happened. Surrealism was used as a sort of flight from the abrasiveness of world ; in other words. it was used to get away the truth. Surrealism was to a great extent influenced by the plants and theories of Sigmund Freud because he was a psychologist with many thoughts on how the head works and the enigmas behind it. [ 3 ] The Surrealism motion was besides politically influenced by the thoughts of Karl Marx. At first many of the founding fathers’ of Surrealism were unsteady about fall ining forces with ocular creative persons because they believed that Surrealism was based around spontaneousness and impulsiveness so taking the clip to sculpt or paint something seemed to belie their beliefs because it would take clip and some witting idea. Andre Breton. although he was discerning. did set ocular creative persons like Pablo Picasso and Marcel Duchamp on a really high base because of their unorthodox. titillating manner of work. These ocular creative persons were the people who truly started a new motion in the art universe traveling farther off from the socially acceptable and into the unconscious head. [ 4 ] Thankss to people like Marcel Duchamp. ocular creative persons truly started to encompass the surrealist manner. Artists like Salvador Dali became outstanding figures in the Surrealist universe because they practiced a different signifier of Surrealism which was called Illusionistic Surrealism. Although Dali is a well-known figure now. there were many others similar to him and there were many before him. In fact. in 1927 Renee Magritte moved to Paris and became one of the most of import creative persons in the ocular surrealist motion. He was the creative person who truly started illusionistic Surrealism. seting sexually expressed stuff in dream like milieus. Two old ages after Renee moved to Paris. Dali did every bit good. and this is where he made his first surrealist pictures. He was influenced by Magritte’s images so he expanded on that thought. adding his ain sexually charged. confounding and hallucinatory visuals. In Dali’s 1929 piece The Accommodations of Desire he uses Freudian symbolism like emmets and nakedness to stand for things like his sexual yearnings. In 1930 Andre Breton. commended Salvador Dali’s ability to picture the unconscious head. [ 5 ] Surrealist creative persons were non restricted to national boundaries ; the Surrealist motion was a planetary moving ridge of creative persons ( particularly in the early old ages ) going the universe. There were Surrealist creative persons in Germany. America and Europe. [ 6 ] Some notable pieces from the first surrealist creative persons include. Two Children Are Threatened by a Nightingale by Marx Ernst. hich depicts curiously placed human figures and a really uncomfortable scene that about experience staccato with the rubric. Another great surrealist piece would be The Persistence of Memory by Salvador Dali which is a really well-known piece that is about like an uneven spin off of modern-day art. picturing runing redstem storksbills in a desert land. [ 7 ] These creative persons and many others like them are the lead forces behind the ocular surrealist motion. Without any one of these people. a piece of art history would hold been losing since each one adds their ain imaginativeness and experiencing to their art. Although Surrealism had astonishing creative persons and a rich history. as clip moved frontward. contention had caught up with the surrealist motion. As said. Surrealism was driven by strong sexual imagination and expressed content of all sorts. so people were bound to differ. Of class Surrealism rekindled the originative heads of many. but it besides awoke angry womens rightists and many people in general who refuse to understand that art is art. regardless of what the audience may believe. Since Surrealism involved a batch of nakedness of both work forces and adult females likewise. many womens rightists saw it as degrading and petroleum. Peoples were neglecting to see that the whole intent of Surrealist art was to picture the unconscious head. to bury about world. non create new issues within society. Artists like Salvador Dali had to populate controversial lives. non because they wanted to. but because wherever they went. unfavorable judgment would shortly follow. Dali was even criticized within surrealists themselves because he refused to alter his beliefs entirely because that is what other people thought was right. [ 8 ] Since Surrealism reached a planetary degree. there were bound to be jobs. Even within the surrealist group itself. issues arose particularly with political relations and beliing positions. European surrealists would differ with the political positions of the Spanish surrealists. so there were ever struggles. within and outside of the group. In Conclusion. the ocular Surrealist motion branched out of the Dada epoch and was fueled by the admirations of the unconscious head. It had a rich history that arose from the howling 20’s as a manner to get away world. even if it was merely for a minute while painting or sculpting. This is a portion of art history that was embraced globally by many and it stretched the heads of creative persons and viewing audiences everyplace. Legends were born from this epoch ; creative persons like Salvador Dali Renee Magritte and Man Ray have a topographic point in history after happening their niches in this illusionistic unprompted manner of art. Surrealism graphics is still practiced today. the past plants are found in galleries around the universe and the creative persons are like snapshots in history. All in all. surrealism is genuinely full of surprises.

Impact of the United States on Europe during 1945

Impact of the United States on Europe during 1945 Introduction The period 1945-1990, referred to as the cold world war, arose because of national conflicting interests between the United States and the Soviet Union over the future of Europe.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of the United States on Europe during 1945-1990 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Europe fought their final battles in the World War II, which left their economies in tatters with Eastern Europe under communist control. The cold war between United States and Soviet Union took the dimension of economic pressure, discriminating help, half-truths and assassinations. Shallow military operations intensified in bid to avoid a nuclear war. With the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union swore against a repeat German invasion. Additionally, the Soviet Union’s intention was ensuring that the non-communist nations in Eastern Europe crashed. This is when the United States concern over Eur ope grew and thus increased her involvement. Economic Intervention Europe had embraced industrial revolution. There was high industrial development across the region prior to the World War II. The war brought the economy of Europe into waste, with many of its industries destroyed. During the period of 1945-1990, many of the countries in Eastern Europe fell into communist hands of the USSR. United States came in seeking to help save the European economy under the Marshall Plan. It aided the western part of Europe militarily and helped in rebuilding the economy. By the 1980’s the communist nations were rapidly falling while the economies of Western European countries were increasingly gaining power. This is highly attributable to the support of the USA. With the help of America, many of the western nations moved to link together through economic integration. They formed the European Union that increased trade among them through shared infrastructure. They agreed on a common cur rency (the euro) and made trade agreements that set their economies on the path to recovery.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Britain had been weakened by the Second World War hence it could no longer support countries in Europe like Greece and Turkey. Therefore, Britain sought the intervention of the United States. United States was strongly opposed to communism and to avoid European economies from falling in the hands of the Soviet Union they provided financial aid. They also played a major role in stabilizing the civil wars at the time. America’s intervention through the Truman Doctrine saved the nations from soviet communism. In effect, America saved Europe from foreign policy failures and military humiliation. America believed that once a country falls into communism it would also weaken the neighbors as there would be minimum interaction because of diverging trade systems. Their support was evident when the Soviet Union pressured Turkey over the Dardanelles Strait concessions that would have allowed invasion from the west, through enunciation of the Truman Policy (Archie 2011). When Stalin attempted to blockade West Berlin in a bid to take control and convert the Market System to a Communist System, USA aided Berlin with supplies and food (Berlin Airlift). This enabled Europe to maintain control of its cities from the Soviet Union. Were it not for the vast amount of aid America gave to Europe, European economies would have fallen further with the Soviet Union invasion during the cold war (Archie 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of the United States on Europe during 1945-1990 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Effect of United States Political Policies After the Second World War, United States and the Soviet Union were the only remaining super powers. During this pe riod a greater part of Eastern Europe was in the hands of the communist, the boundaries of Europe were redrawn. This division resulted into two blocs, the eastern bloc, which was under communist rule, and western countries (Zinn 2003). Western Europe and the United States unified and formed the NATO alliance while Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union established the Warsaw Pact. The two alliances, separated by what Winston Churchill termed as the Iron wall. When the Soviet Union seized some of the western European nations, it blocked them from receiving all forms of aids. European NATO members had limited capacity to the point they could not transport even lightly armed troops to their defense. They employed American Satellite reconnaissance to spy on the enemy greatly (Archie 2011). The European states could not have managed to impose their will on major crisis affecting the Mediterranean region or even calmed the Gulf crisis without the help of the United States. The Americans had no major damages to recover from, as they were not direct casualties of the war. They used their resources to save nations from the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union (Archie 2011). The political boundaries that European nations formed after the Second World War were because of integration that saw the formation of the European Union and council of Europe. The success of the integration was as result of the economic liberation facilitated by the United States. After the fall of the Soviet Union, European economies stabilized and there was an increase in European Union membership from six to twelve states (Pearson 1998).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Military Aid During the two World Wars, the economy of the United States did not suffer severely as compared to the European economies. America had enough resources to protect herself viciously. Hence, after the war they had enough resources to help Europe get back to its feet. The advantage of nuclear weapons and the manufacture of technically superior weapons aided by advancement in Information Technology helped Western Europe to prevent invasion from the Soviet Union. Although the Eastern Bloc produced numerous amounts of weapons, they were not sophisticated enough to fight of invasion (Zinn 2003). America formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in 1949. It comprised United States, Belgium, Britain, Denmark, Iceland, France, Luxembourg, Portugal, Italy, and Canada. It was a joint military troop to provide defense against the soviet forces to Europe. It sourced most of its military resources from the United States. The troops also kept enemies off the European bounders and h elp in keeping calm during civil wars (Archie 2011). Merger of East and West Germany The Cold War started as nations struggled to gain power to control other nations. With the Soviet Union having gained control over Eastern and some parts of Central Europe, the United States was determined to stop any interference with Western Europe autonomy (Fedorov 2011). Soviet Union’s acquisition of more nations ended in 1948 when they were defeated in a coup d’Ã ©tat in Czechoslovakia. They thus decided to concentrate with stabilizing their control in Germany. Western Europe, on the other hand, was not willing to cede control over Western Germany. This was the genesis of conflict over the future of Germany as a unified state. The Soviet Union blocked all surface forms of transport to western Germany as they refused conversion into a communist state. President Truman of United States quickly ordered planes to send the starving Germans food, coal and medicine. The planes kept supp lying items constantly even in time spans of minutes to ensure that there were no shortages. Approximately, supplies worth 2.5 million were ferried in 280,000 thousands plane flights (Cold War Museum 2011). The creation of the Berlin wall led to the isolation of Eastern Europe that had many of its countries under the communist. There was an order by President Stalin to shoot anyone who climbs over the wall. This led to strained relations in Europe. There was growing disparity between the two German factions (Cold War Museum 2011). Eastern Germany suffered immensely as they could not access the Marshall aid. After building the Berlin wall and successfully isolating east and West Germany, Berlin became the center of the Cold War. It was divided into four parts with the allied nations (France, Britain, and America) controlling a part each and Russia controlling the other. The allied forces believed that for Europe to develop there was need for unity. This led to the congregation of the three parts of Berlin controlled by allied nations and isolation of the part controlled by the Soviet Union. This was a threat to Stalin as the underdeveloped Germans could clearly see the difference of their side to the allied side. He decided to block out the allied nations by cutting out any canal, road, or rail transport to the allied portion of Berlin, faking that he was reconstructing the road (Wilentz, 2008). The allied forces realized that Soviet Union could not attack them because of the fear of the nuclear weapon that they possessed (Cold War Museum 2011). They used air transport to provide their zones with supplies, as Stalin could not attack their planes. As time went by, the western nations, especially United States, outnumbered communist in resource endowment. This led to their eventual defeat. There was increased unrest in Eastern Germany that saw the bringing down of the Berlin wall. This allowed the Germans free movement and with the weakening of communist power Ea st Germany slowly moved to a democratic type of government. Unification of East and West Germany is mostly as result of the development in West Germany. United States stood firm and insisted that a communist system was not fit for economic development. They played a crucial role in changing the system through the Marshall Plan and implementation of the Truman doctrine. The United States, thus, played a major role in unifying Germany (Pearson 1998). Many of the people under communist rule looked for ways to move to West Germany. With time, those left behind revoked against the Soviet communist government. Germany was one of the wealthy nations in Europe. It had the highest GDP and was thus the backbone of the European economy. With the communist invasion and the creation of the Berlin wall that hindered German development the Soviet invasion had to cease. East German communist collapsed in 1990 and this saw the unification of East and West German (LaFeber 2002). Merger of Eastern and Western Europe With the fall of the Soviet Union, the relations between the United States and the Soviet Union changed. When Mikhail Gorbachev took over as the secretary general of the Communist Party of Soviet Union, he realized the futility of continuing with the cold War. He then sought to hold concessions with the United States. This was because of the increased power the United States had acquired over nuclear power and his realization of his countries weakening economy. He thus sought to be more cooperative and ordered unilateral decrease of the strength of Soviet Union troops (Pearson 1998). Improved United States relations with Soviet Union resulted into policies of openness and friendlier environments to their neighbors. Thus, there was a more cohesive approach to international commerce. The new policies Gorbachev made included his intention not to enforce the Brezhnev Doctrine that prohibited countries in Eastern Europe from defecting from the Soviet sphere of influence ( LÃ ¼thi 2008). Eastern European states having gained their freedom from the communist, started democratic movements. They moved from communist systems to capitalist systems, these were the systems in operation in Western Europe. There was widespread democracy with many regions gaining their freedom and the Soviet regime ending in Romania in 1989 (Pearson 1998). In Western Europe, America and other allied powers returned the authority, they had to the hands of the Germans. In 1949, there was formation of first federal republic of Germany and in August, after the elections, self-governance granted. This was the beginning of liberation in Europe with the help of United States (Zinn 2003). United States through President George H.W. Bush helped Germany in overcoming objection of the Soviet Union from membership into NATO. President Bush held talks with President Gorbachev and Chancellor Kohl. Signing of treaty on the final settlement with respect to Germany was on September 12. The tre aty also mandated the withdrawal of all the military forces of the Soviet Union from Germany. Germany renounced the use of chemical weapons, nuclear and biological weapons for the peace of the world. This saw the end of the cold war (Cold War Museum 2011). Social Impact Western Europe had to be on the same side with the United States to gain their favor on protection from the Soviet Union. This included all the western countries affiliated to United States. This new relationship saw the formation of organizations like NATO and European Union hence drawing the borderline of whom the Europeans could associate. They had to be friends with those that were friends of the United States, otherwise risk invasion by the Soviet Union (Zinn 2003). The division of Germany into East and West led to many Germans fleeing Eastern Germany and becoming refugees because the living conditions had deteriorated. Many of them were women and children. They German people faced slave labor from countries tha t Germany had destroyed during the reign of the Nazi. The refugees that managed to get their way to Western Germany though the Marshall plan got supplies to sustain them. The western economy also received aid from America to help the refugees start their new lives and contribute to the economy (Cold War Museum 2011). With the communist invasion and the creation of the Berlin wall that hindered German development the Soviet invasion had to cease. East German communist collapsed in 1990 and this saw the unification of East and West Germany as noted by Zinn (2003). Reference List Archie, B, 2011, Reform, Coup and Collapse: The End of the Soviet State, [online] Available from:Â  bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/coldwar/soviet_end_01.shtml . Cold War Museum, 2011, The cold War studies, [online]. Available from:Â  coldwar.org/ . Fedorov, A, 2011, Russian Image on the Western Screen: Trends, Stereotypes, Myths, Illusions, New York, Lambert Academic Publishing. LaFeber, W 2002, America, Russia , and the Cold War, 1945-2002, London McGraw-Hill. LÃ ¼thi, L 2008, The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World, Princeton, Princeton University Press. Pearson, R 1998, The Rise and fall of the Soviet Empire, London, Macmillan. Wilentz, S 2008, The Age of Reagan: A History, 1974-2008, New York, U.S, Harper. Zinn, H 2003, A Peoples History of the United States, New York, Harper Perennial Modern Classics.

Getting an Italian Tattoo

Getting an Italian Tattoo Youve finally decided to get a tattoo. A tattoo in Italian, no less. Why not? Foreign language tattoos have a certain cachet- many people dont know what they say, lending the tattoo a certain sophistication or flair. But thats the point. Many people, including the tattoo artist, dont understand what the tattoo says, and a simple slip of the needle can turn love (amare) bitter (amaro). Italian Tattoos Are Forever Beware: an Italian tattoo is forever. On an episode of Miami Ink on TLC, a customer went to a tattoo parlor and, being Italian American, wanted per sempre tattooed vertically down his forearm from elbow to wrist. He told the tattoo artist it meant forever and gave him the drawing he made himself. The tattoo artist, who did not know Italian, proceeded to finish the tattoo as drawn. When finished, the customer looked at it in horror! Written on his arm was pre sempre- which has no meaning in Italian. The customer had spent much effort in making the lettering artistic that he spelled it wrong. The tattoo artist was able to fix the error, but it was a costly mistake. Context Is King If youre thinking about getting an Italian tattoo (in Italian: farsi fare un tatuaggio- to have oneself tattooed, to be tattooed) one thing to consider is context. A trendy phrase in English might not mean anything in Italian or, worse, require a bit of linguistic gymnastics to render the term comprehensible in Italian. In addition, there may be no cultural reference. For instance, keep it real is a popular American pop culture term- but its a phrase that has no resonance in Italian everyday life. In fact, if Italians were to use the term, theyd say it in English to indicate their knowledge of American pop culture. Character Counts Another consideration when getting a tattoo, obviously, is whether it fit on your ankle, bicep, back, or wherever else youve decided you want the image. If there is text involved, be aware that Italian translations of English phrases and terms are typically longer- both the words themselves and the total number of words. Either the font size of the letters will have to be smaller to fit the same area, or you will have to bulk up that bicep so thats theres more skin to ink! If An Italian Tattoo Is A Must If youre absolutely, positively convinced that you want an Italian tattoo, consult a native Italian speaker. Better yet, ask a few Italian speakers and get a range of opinions about both the grammatically correct translation of the term or phrase youre considering, and also whether it has any significance in Italian. This way you wont have an Italian tattoo permanently etched into your skin that, although it makes sense literally, isnt part of everyday speech. Whatever you do, avoid online automatic translators- they are notorious for rendering incomprehensible statements. And make sure the tattoo artist understands exactly how the word or phrase should read before beginning his work. A Picture Paints A Thousand Words Walk into the Sistine Chapel and one of the lasting images is the brilliance of the colors on the walls and ceilings. Now imagine what an Italian Renaissance artist could accomplish with a broad expanse of back, a forearm, or thigh. Thats an Italian tattoo that wouldnt require translation- the vivid colors and dramatic personae would tell a story better than any phrase rendered into Italian, and would be unique as well. That might be the best Italian tattoo anyone could design and execute.

Marketing Research and Information Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing Research and Information Needs - Essay Example Companies still mishandle 'line extension' projects that fail. It is imperative that new products for development be carefully chosen, "product strategy calls for complex decisions, among others, on product mix and product line" (Kotler and Armstrong, 1991, pp. 512-513). There has been a continuous rise in the demand for healthy snacks all over the world. This trend was essentially started in the United States as a result of a new health craze and obesity scare due to rising number of weight levels. Consumers now want to minimize their fat intake as well as reduce ingestion of other potential damaging sugar - substitute substances. This tendency to buy only 'healthy' foods has extended to the snack - food and drink sector where consumers want to enjoy snacks but at the same time not feel guilty or worried about potential damage to their health. The new trend towards healthier choices in snack - food was revealed by the speedy swap from carbonated drinks and carbohydrate ridden foods to 'non- carbs', "But with worldwide sales growth of carbonated beverages slowing, the growth lately has been found in non-carbonated beverages such as bottled water, teas, sports drinks, energy and health drinks, and ready-to-drink coffee" (Ashton, 2000). Health snacks had resulted in an entirely new mar... Carbonate- free drinks eventually led to a rise in the sports and energy drink sector. This market was originally dominated by PepsiCo's Gatorade and laid back SoBe. However, Coca Cola saw the potential in this sector and followed PepsiCo into energy drinks. Coca cola launched its original attempt in energy and sports drinks with PowerAde. PowerAde was declared a competitor to Gatorade and was marketed accordingly. Reaction to PowerAde in the market was feeble and Gatorade continued to lead. After several re - launches and alternations and modifications in the ingredients, PowerAde is now second runner up in the sports drink sector while Gatorade persists in remaining the first. Coca Cola started an energy drink brand, KMX, but still felt a gap in the market. Reactions to KMX were far from warm and Coca Cola required a product to fill up the space. In the first quarter of 2005, Coca Cola introduced Full Throttle, an energy drink. Full Throttle will compete with strong brands such as Red Bull as well as PepsiCo's SoBe range. External Pressures Leading to Change Requirement PepsiCo is swiftly gaining force in the international snack food market. Their success is credited largely to their lack of sentiment for their star performers, as Brady (2004) puts it, "What distinguishes PepsiCo from some competitors is an intense lack of sentimentality about its principal brands". PepsiCo asserts that it is keener to satisfying its customer's needs than preserving its existing product lines. New product introduction is PepsiCo's strategy of staying competitive, "By defining its mission as serving the customer rather than protecting its venerable brands, PepsiCo is hoping to stave off a stagnant middle age" (Brady, 2004). In order to continue to be innovative and to

Managing Expectations in Business and Personal Life Essay

Managing Expectations in Business and Personal Life - Essay Example Keeping a balance between personal and professional life is extremely difficult. Both business/professional life and personal life are filled with immense stress in the current world because of the increased commitments of people towards, their family, profession and society. Managing expectations in personal professional life are extremely difficult because of these commitments. This paper briefly explains the management of expectations in personal and professional life. At the center of every influential person and organization is the effective management of expectations (Cacace MBA, PMP, p.18). A professional always have a dual life; personal and professional. In fact a profession is required by an individual for making his/her personal life enjoyable. So it is not wise for a person to concentrate heavily on professional life by neglecting the needs of personal life. For example, most of the working women try to keep their babies in daycare centers even at a much younger stage when the infant badly in need of the mothers care and love, in order to fulfill their professional commitments. Such habits will destroy the physical and mental development of the child for who they work. In other words, they are trying to provide a better life to their children at one side while destroying their life on the other side. They must try to keep a balance between these two sides by taking as much as break from the profession when their children are badly in need of their presence, love and care. When your intentions are not in perfect alignment with expectations, and expectations are not in sync with requirements and objectives; you are putting too much faith in luck and relinquishing control to chaos (Cacace MBA, PMP, p.18). Expectations should be realistic and objective based. Expectations and requirements should have synchronization. There is no point in expecting a trip to sun as it is unrealistic. Also, it is not logical for an uneducated person to expect

Experiencing Long-term Care, Rehabilitation & Recovery (BSc Adult Essay

Experiencing Long-term Care, Rehabilitation & Recovery (BSc Adult Nursing) - Essay Example The study focuses on two themes that are important to understand long term conditions and long term care. These themes are; self care/self support and supported care management. Self care/ self support involves persons with long term conditions managing their own care plans without much help from others for instance nurses and other professionals. This concept is known as â€Å"expert patient† and it is based on the premise that the person with the condition or disease understands it better than health care professionals. These patients have more knowledge about their conditions and have therefore learned ways of managing them. The patients undertake programs which provide information, resources and ways of developing relationships with healthcare bodies. This approach has demonstrated benefits for patients because they possess more knowledge of their conditions, ensures participation in decision making and get involved in the symptoms management processes. Although the concept of â€Å"expert patient† has its advantages, we must always be mindful of leaving some patients feeling abandoned and neglected when they are not able to manage skills and information they have been provided with. It is therefore advisable for patients to enroll in the supported care where nurses and other professionals are able to take care of both their personal and health needs. This is the reason that there must be a partnership with the patients, nurses and other professionals. The second half of the twentieth century brought a realization that due to the increase in numbers of people living with long term conditions (LTC), health care needed to be improved with an emphasis on patients being empowered to become decision makers in their care (Margerson, 2010). In the case scenario of Angela, the study concludes that she should focus more on supported care management where professionals with vast knowledge will assist

Human Resource Management and Building Employee Loyalty Case Study

Human Resource Management and Building Employee Loyalty - Case Study Example Human resource management of Xeleco is a matter of recognizing people as perhaps the most important asset of Xeleco and to manage these people the best way possible. Xeleco's competitiveness in its market refers to their capability to uphold and expand market share. Competitiveness is related to Xeleco's effectiveness, which is determined by how much Xeleco satisfies the requirements of its stakeholders. The significant stakeholders comprise stockholders, customers as well as employees. Therefore, retention of employees becomes an important factor of Xeleco competitiveness. Xeleco's core employees are those that are essential to the service(s) Xeleco provides. These employees work year round, typically full time, and drive the business. Retention of core employees is vital to the business. To retain employees it is no longer enough to be competitive concerning pay. Employees of today relate their jobs to their private lives far more than they did in the earlier days. In earlier days employees would go to work, do their job, get their pay, and go home to a life often totally separated from work. Today the types of work have changed, and people's conceptions of work have changed in a way that makes retention of employees something much more complex than adding more pay. A dangerous myth existing from earlier days is that people only work for money. And yes, people do work for money, but they work even more for meaning in their lives, for fun, for jobs that will contribute something to their lives, and their family's life. Pay cannot substitute for a working environment high on trust, fun, and meaningful work. Companies that pay no attention to this fact are fundamentally bribing their employees and will pay the cost in lack of loyalty as well as obligation, and difficulty in retaining important employees. Today, employee benefits are a major force in determining employee retention, or employee happiness. One could argue that content employees make content customers, and that content customers make content stockholders. In this view, employee benefits become crucial to Xeleco's success. Incorporating retention strategies into the HR and succession plan plays a major role in the changing and increasingly mobile workforce. This has been linked with the move towards the Protean career where a person's career is frequently changing. Hence organisations must be ready to adapt to this change by benefiting them with career development programs thereby enhancing reputation and achieving greater retention of valued employees. In order to retain employees the organization must When considering succession planning, employee development is an integral strategic process which enables knowledge, skills and behaviour to be acquired to meet job changes and client requirements in the future as opposed to training which is immediate current job

King Henry VIII Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

King Henry VIII - Essay Example In 1503, Henry became the Prince of Wales and in that very year his mother and grandmother were gathered unto their forefathers. In the year 1509, his father passed away and he ascended the throne as Henry the VIII (HENRY VIII (r. 1509-1547)). At that time England was an isolated kingdom in Europe. It had limited natural resources. England was surrounded by the sea on three sides. Scotland was to its north. The Scots were inimical to the English they joined forces with France, which was also an enemy of England. His father Henry VII had strived hard to restore independence to England and to enrich it in all respects. In order to achieve these goals, Henry VII had executed his opponents and enemies and annexed their properties in England. He had increased the amount of taxes to enrich the crown. He was disinterested in wars as they depleted the wealth of the nation. His son had totally different ideas in this respect and after his coronation; he adopted novel means to expand the power of England and to make it the greatest power in Europe (Kishlansky). Henry VIII was inimical of France and in the year 1513, he mounted a successful campaign against the French. This infuriated the Scots who waged a war against England. This engagement was famous as the Battle of Flodden Field. In that battle, the armies of Henry established their supremacy over that of the Scots. James IV, the king of Scotland was killed in that battle (Kishlansky). Henry VIII played the role of an arbitrator between France and Spain. He provoked these countries to wage war against each other, in order to assume a superior position in Europe. His subsequent military operations were failures. In the year 1520, Henry met with the king of France, Francis I, in France. Their meeting was a spectacular event in Europe. Despite, the existence of diplomatic relations with each other, they were unable to stop the

Human Resource Management and Building Employee Loyalty Case Study

Human Resource Management and Building Employee Loyalty - Case Study Example Human resource management of Xeleco is a matter of recognizing people as perhaps the most important asset of Xeleco and to manage these people the best way possible. Xeleco's competitiveness in its market refers to their capability to uphold and expand market share. Competitiveness is related to Xeleco's effectiveness, which is determined by how much Xeleco satisfies the requirements of its stakeholders. The significant stakeholders comprise stockholders, customers as well as employees. Therefore, retention of employees becomes an important factor of Xeleco competitiveness. Xeleco's core employees are those that are essential to the service(s) Xeleco provides. These employees work year round, typically full time, and drive the business. Retention of core employees is vital to the business. To retain employees it is no longer enough to be competitive concerning pay. Employees of today relate their jobs to their private lives far more than they did in the earlier days. In earlier days employees would go to work, do their job, get their pay, and go home to a life often totally separated from work. Today the types of work have changed, and people's conceptions of work have changed in a way that makes retention of employees something much more complex than adding more pay. A dangerous myth existing from earlier days is that people only work for money. And yes, people do work for money, but they work even more for meaning in their lives, for fun, for jobs that will contribute something to their lives, and their family's life. Pay cannot substitute for a working environment high on trust, fun, and meaningful work. Companies that pay no attention to this fact are fundamentally bribing their employees and will pay the cost in lack of loyalty as well as obligation, and difficulty in retaining important employees. Today, employee benefits are a major force in determining employee retention, or employee happiness. One could argue that content employees make content customers, and that content customers make content stockholders. In this view, employee benefits become crucial to Xeleco's success. Incorporating retention strategies into the HR and succession plan plays a major role in the changing and increasingly mobile workforce. This has been linked with the move towards the Protean career where a person's career is frequently changing. Hence organisations must be ready to adapt to this change by benefiting them with career development programs thereby enhancing reputation and achieving greater retention of valued employees. In order to retain employees the organization must When considering succession planning, employee development is an integral strategic process which enables knowledge, skills and behaviour to be acquired to meet job changes and client requirements in the future as opposed to training which is immediate current job

Heroes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Heroes - Essay Example Martin Luther and Nelson Mandela are some of the world’s best heroes because they changed the world around them in a significant way. A hero can be defined as a person who contributes significantly and positively towards social, political, or economic discourse in a society. Heroes are identified by a strong sense of discipline in all aspects of life as well as a strong stand to their beliefs. One overarching characteristic of a hero is the ability to sacrifice personal comfort, interests, and even life for the sake of the community. Most of the world’s recognized heroes have indeed gone through a lot of painful experiences, jail terms, and even tortured as they sought to fight for the community. For instance, Nelson Mandela was jailed for 27 years as he fought against apartheid in South Africa. Martin Luther is globally recognized for his fight for civil rights for African Americans in U.S. However, Luther chose to use nonviolent means to achieve his objectives of securing equal rights for all people in America. Luther was at the forefront leading protests against workers mistreatment at Memphis Sanitation. The blacks working for Memphis sanitation were poorly paid and their merge salaries delayed and at times not even paid. Luther was able to organize a non violent protest lasting more than two months (â€Å"Martin Luther King,† 2014). On a different light, Luther led a successful non-violent protest against Montgomery bus company for segregating against blacks from sitting in front seats. However, Luther’s epitome moments are perhaps tied to his maiden speech dubbed â€Å"I Have a Dream.† (â€Å"BBC†, 2015). With over 200, 000 followers, Luther unleashed this maiden speech pushing the congress to pass the laws regarding civil rights for the bl acks in America. The swearing in of Barrack Obama as the first Black president in America indeed marked a significant milestone for Martin Luther as a hero in U.S and the rest of the world. However, on the

Procter & Gamble Financial Analysis Essay Example for Free

Procter Gamble Financial Analysis Essay What began as a small family-run candle and soap business, grew through innovation, creative marketing and partnerships to become the largest consumer goods company in the world. William Procter, emigrating from England, established himself as a candle maker in Cincinnati, which was a busy center of commerce and industry in the early nineteenth century. And James Gamble, arriving from Ireland, apprenticed himself to a soap maker. The two might never have met had they not married sisters Olivia and Elizabeth Norris, whose father convinced his new sons-in-law to become business partners. As a result, in 1837, a bold new enterprise was born: Procter Gamble. William Procter was born in 1801 in England. As a boy, he worked as general store apprentice, learning to â€Å"dip candles† – a skill that would later lead to both fame and fortune. His first entrepreneurial venture, however, met with disaster. The day after opening, his dry goods shop in London was robbed, leaving Procter $8,000 in debt – a huge sum in 1832. Determined to rebuild, he and his wife decided to immigrate to the United States. While traveling down the Ohio River, Mrs. Procter became ill and died a few months after their arrival in Cincinnati. Procter first worked in a bank. He then decided to use his past experience as a candle maker to earn extra income and help pay off his debt. He took advantage of the fat and oil by-products from Cincinnati’s large meatpacking industry. Procter began as a one- person operation – manufacturing, selling and delivering candles to his customers in the area. During this time, he also met and proposed to Olivia Norris, the daughter of a prominent candle maker in town, Alexander Norris. Meanwhile, James Gamble was born in 1803, in Ireland. He immigrated with his family to America in 1819 as part of a mass exodus from Northern Ireland. They were headed for Illinois, but during the trip, James Gamble, then 16, became violently ill; his parents took him ashore in Cincinnati. By the time James recovered, the family had decided to stay. At 18, James began an apprenticeship with a local soap maker, then years later, opened his own soap and candle shop with a friend. Before long, Gamble met and married Elizabeth Ann Norris, the second daughter of Alexander Norris. The business began during nationwide panic and depression. But the struggling young firm survived. Cincinnati proved a sound business base because as a meat packing center, it offered plenty of fat and oil for soap and candle making. †¢The Procters’ eldest son, William A. Procter, was the first PG President in 1890. †¢Son Harley T. was the company’s first Advertising and Sales Manager. He named Ivory Soap. †¢The Gamble’s eldest son, James N. Gamble, invented Ivory Soap and founded the first laboratory in PG history.

Reflective Overview Of The Business Modules Commerce Essay

Reflective Overview Of The Business Modules Commerce Essay After joining the course I gained lot of knowledge from taught modules and various individual assignments which I have written earlier in this module. Rite from the portfolio submissions i gained understanding about concepts behind marketing skills and knowledge which are needed by the managers. Marketing strategy for managers (MKT-4010) modules overall outcomes was unimaginable because it included presentations, Portfolios, Case study and Lectures. In the beginning of the course we were allocated in the groups and provided with a video for group presentation. Our group presentation was about ZSL London zoo, about which, we watched a video in the group and afterwards we discussed about the video and recoded some important points. Later on we did lot of research in internet to gain knowledge about ZSL London zoo. Subsequently we came with certain theories which we can apply in our group presentation. Such as Porters 5 forces, Swot Analysis, Ansoff matrix which we learned in our Lectur es. Then we progressed with our Lectures and we learned about Situation analysis. We had given Nike case study which was non-assessed but we tried to figure out facts from case study and we made a sincere attempt about Market orientation of Nike. Then we learned about Strategic Marketing Process which is situation analysis, Designing marketing strategy, marketing program development, Implementing and managing strategy. After learning situation analysis now i am able to implement in real world industry. I have done my situation analysis of Accenture in my Marketing plan phase 1. The important strategic issues of the company have been studied here. I have learnt Competitive costing competitive advantage in industry along with targeting various demographic factors from our Accenture project. I have also learnt how companies can get into a position where it steadily increases its market share and brand value to compete in the current market. I have learnt a lot about different strategies that different types of companies has to adopt, for instance, Ikea, Slendertone and many more while preparing portfolios. I have also understood the devastating outcomes if the company does not have an expanded presence around the world which could be detrimental for them. This needs to be increased for a better strategic management. This assignment has resulted in my understanding towards the key roles of each and every aspect of strategic plan and implementation from the case studies of various companies from different Industries. I implemented all types of research techniques in my projects that I learnt from my course, and used core text books to collect secondary data. Identifying reliable sources for data collection is vital for any research or project in order to get updated data. These sources can be found from sources on the web, journals, articles and books. Updated collected online or journals are considered as secondary data which is also vital apart from primary data collected from various books. Secondary data can also be collected from companys financial statements and online publications on their official websites. But it is always essential that data collected should be relevant, accurate and interpretable. These data should help one to gain a better knowledge and understanding towards the company and its strategies. I have based all my conclusions of my analysis in projects of strategies on a single case studies but it is un-ethical to use it as a base for all brands. These research on marketing strategies can be used even on a large scale taking different geographical areas of a country where there are many individual companies are operating. This is shown in the assignments on IKEA, Slendertone, Nanophase. These strategy researches might change with context to different countries as a result of change in their internal and external environments as stated in the case studies of IKEA, Slendertone and Nanophase. I learnt about strategic brand management in our guest lecture which will be of great help in my future because branding is an important component of Marketing Mix. Positioning is one of the aspects of the theory that has been applied in all my case studies. It is very important to know how positioning works in strategies. Positioning in Strategic Management these days are referred to as the process through which marketers attempt to create an Brand Image or Identity in the minds of their target market for its products, its organisation and brand. I have understood that it is only a relative competitive comparison their products would occupy in an indented market which is referred as target market. After learning Porters 5 forces, PESTAL, SWOT analysis, Ansoffs matrix and many other theories which are very helpful in designing the corporate strategy in an organisation. Success alone should not be the goal of any company but also being ethical and practicing healthy practices to achieve market success is also important as it is vital for good image about the organisation in the minds of customers and also with its peers. Now I believe completely capable of taking right decisions at right time. Learning outcomes from the module: 1). Developed a deep understanding about issues, roles and activities of strategic marketing within any organisation through exploring theoretical and practical skills and also knowledge to come up with an outstanding strategy for marketing success. 2). It helped me to understand the core concepts, principles and techniques inside the boundaries of strategic marketing. 3). It has helped me develop inter-personnel skills, organizational skills, soft skills, communication skills, confidence as a result of proper knowledge I have managed to acquire from this module. 4). This module has not only given me knowledge, but also has added weight to my qualification in the current competitive market. After learning theories and models now I am able to implement these in my Situation analysis of Accenture. I feel that I am very successful in learning Marketing strategy for Managers from my core module. The Knowledge I have gained from this module would definitely come in handy when I actually enter the market. In over all, I have learnt each and every aspect of marketing and marketing strategies from this module and used it in my reports. This module helped me to get a deep understanding about real situation in market and learnt that even a single right strategy can make tremendous change everything into useful opportunities. Hence, I strongly believe that outcomes of this module have given me an edge to be successful in strategic marketing management in an organisation.

Branded (Christian) :: essays research papers

The book Branded, by Alissa Quart is an amazing book that talks about how much money, time, and energy is spent by our corporate culture to effectively change the lives and habits of teenagers. The book is written by, and she does a marvelous job of documenting the teenage-corporate-media relationship throughout American history. With degrees from Brown University and Columbia, her journalism and research skills are unparalleled. Every statement and point is backed up by countless facts, studies, and statistics that leave no room for doubt. These truths are coupled with sensitive and powerful real-life illustrations that further prove the book’s powerful message that relates to teenagers, culture, and money.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book really made me realize what a strong effect the culture has on children. I guess I always knew this was true, but could never really understand why it was true until I read this book. The book goes beyond opinions and corporate bashing and instead focuses on hard evidence that has been compiled from what seems like years of research. The stories, policies, and tactics revealed of how corporations influence kids and teenagers are frightening, and society’s response (or lack of) is even more disturbing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What surprised me most about Branded were the real life examples of how teenagers were being effected by corporate power and propaganda. One example showed of how the movie heroes and heroines of the seventies and eighties were teenagers who overcame the rich, snobbish bullies who thought that they were better than everyone else. Then the book shows of how a paradigm shift occurred and that now the upper class, rich, and snobbish people are the role models. They are what teenagers want to become today. Movie such as ‘Clueless’, ‘Varsity Blues’ and ‘She’s All That’ present the blondest, most stylish, richest, and elite people as the new heroes and heroines. In ‘She’s All That’, a teenager is even saved from individualism and ‘nerdiness’ and eventually in transformed in a supermodel beauty queen that eventually is accepted by her high school’s elite group. The message is powerful, and throughout the book you start to realize how deranged a teenager’s culture has become.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another powerful Alissa Quart made that coincided with the one above is how influential style and fashion has become to teenagers. Branded makes a strong argument that shows how corporations and media are started to create teenage personalities for them to fit into.

Fashion from Luxury? the Impact of the Masstige

From Fashion to Luxury? The impact of the â€Å"masstige† Integrated Communication assignement Msc of LFM 2011-2012 Justine Leupe Agenda 1. INTRODUCTION OF THE TOPIC – Definition of â€Å"Masstige† phenomenon – Reasons of the â€Å"Masstige† apparition – Examples 2. ADVANTAGES – Mass market brands advantages – Luxury brands & designers’ advantages – Consumers’ advantages 3. RISKS – Loss of Brand identity – Luxury Democratization risks Introduction of the topic  « MASSTIGE  » definition ? n. A class of products that are affordable for the general consumer but positioned as luxury goods. â€Å"Masstige is a marketing term meaning downward brand extension. The word is a portmanteau of the words mass and prestige and has been described as prestige for the masses. † ? Masstige products are defined as â€Å"premium but attainable,† and there are two key tenets: ? ? They are consider ed luxury or premium products. They have price points that fill the gap between mid-market and super premium. ? Masstige VS Co-branding ? Co-branding is a partnership between two brands, while â€Å"masstige† only works between a luxury brand and a consumer brand. Sources: http://en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Masstige Reasons of the  « Masstige  » apparition ? It follows the trend of Luxury democratization. ? The European textile market is one of the first victims of globalization resulting in textiles and cheap labor from China. ? Hypercompetitive market: Europe (135 billion euros), USA (100 billion euros), China and Japan (35 billion euros). ? It is in this uncertain environment that brands have realized the need to adapt and be creative to stay competitive. ? From the perspective of consumer brands that distribute the final products, â€Å"masstige† is to boost sales during quiet periods. For the luxury brand, the association operations are great opportunities to reach a wider target by keeping its image and credibility. â€Å"Masstige† Key factors of success ? Collaboration between luxury brands or fashion designer ? Adoption of specific codes of consumer’ brands communication and adapting them according to the market ? Luxury brands generally use one worldwide speech. ? Ephemeral nature of business operations which rely on the announcement effect ? Appeal of luxury brand muses ? Use of the Karl Lagerfeld muse, Baptiste Giabiconi, to promote the collection for Hogan Target younger and more female consumers than Luxury goods  « Masstige  » examples ? 1993: Kookai with Karl Lagerfield & Sonia Rykiel ? The  « Kookaisme  » advertising campaign  « Masstige  » examples ? 2005: Motorola by Dolce & Gabbana ? Design of the RAZR V3i. Limited edition  « Masstige  » examples ? 2006: Rossignol by Jean-Charles de Castelbajac ? Design of a Ski clothes collection for Men & Women  « Masstige  » examples ? 2008: Evian by Jean-Pau l Gaultier ? Design of a limited edition bottle  « Masstige  » examples ? 2010: Lanvin for H&M ? 2011: Versace for H&M Impact of  « Masstige  » Its advantages & Risks Consumer brand’ advantages Example of Karl Lagerfeld for H&M (2004): ? Boost sales during quiet period ? Operation launched in November, just after the  « back to school  »period and before the Holiday season ? Sales increase of 24% in November 2004 comparing to November 2003 ? Biggest monthly increase since October 2002 ? Karl Lagerfeld operation represents between 6 to 8 points of the 24%. ? Capitalize on the prestigious image of the luxury brand associated Sources: http://lesevolutions. blogspot. om/2008/04/masstige. html Luxury brand or designer’ advantages Example of Karl Lagerfield for H&M (2004): ? Reach a wider target by preserving its brand image and credibility in the luxury industry ? Beneficiate of the well-targeted and wide distribution network of H&M ? Allow luxury brands and designers to break into the accessible luxury segment through a one shot operation ? Increase brand awareness thanks to a high media exposure short term strategy Consumer’ advantages Example of Karl Lagerfield for H&M (2004): ? Access to products signed by uxury brands and famous designers at affordable prices: ? Consumers can access to products which are not counterfeits, but inspired by the High luxury with a high aesthetic value ? Prices based on the current prices of H&M products ; minimum price of 20â‚ ¬ for a product designed by Karl Lagerfeld ? With such a price positioning, H&M creates a first blurring of boundaries between mass market and luxury in the minds of consumers. ? Allows segments of middle-income people to get in touch with the complex world of symbols associated with the designer. Masstige† Risks ? Loss of brand identity ? Loss of brand imaginative faculty ? Loss of products’ psychic value ? Devaluation of the brand ? Dilution of the brand to compete ? Impairment of brand image ? The disappointment of a client on an entry-level product may rub off quickly on the ov erall brand. â€Å"Masstige† Risks ? Confusion risk between the consumer brands and the luxury brands associated ? Loss of the luxury dimension in the mind of consumers ? Loss of the luxury brand’ core customers who feels betrayed by their favorite brand ? They Looks for exclusivity, originality and quality ? Excessive demand of â€Å"masstige† could put a luxury brand at risk. ? A too wide diffusion can lead to a trivialization of the brand ? Consumers will not accept to pay a higher price. ? The consistency of the brand may be affected. CONCLUSION ? The enthusiasm of the public for this type of operation is a testament to the success of â€Å"masstige†. ? The study of luxury consumer behaviors nowadays , shows there is the passage of a daily consumption by an elite consumer to a punctual consumption by a very large number. The punctual clientele is young and composed of managers and students who they are called â€Å"excursionists. † The â€Å"masstige† is a way to introduce them to the luxury and make them adopt certain habits in order to have them as customers tomorrow. ? If â€Å"Masstige† represents many opportunities for both, it also represents some risks especially for the luxury brand associ ated. ? â€Å"Masstige† can put luxury brands at risks but it could also represent, â€Å"the third way† mixing â€Å"Cheap and Prestige†. Thanks for your attention!

Tree top walk in fern tree park

Executive SummaryKeeping ecological value and commercial value is so of import to a national park that developing new land usage method is of great significance. Ferntree Gully National Park used to be a hunting land by the Bunurong ( Western Port ) and Woiworung ( Yarra Yarra ) natives for 100s of old ages. It is now a popular walking finish with many walking paths available. This study will give certain On-the-spot probe and research analysis to the current state of affairs of Ferntree Gully National Park. First, we will reexamine the long history and important alterations of this park. Then, we will give analyses and treatments on the environmental characteristics and on this footing propose a manner of land usage alteration. In this subdivision, certain statistics along with charts from our old group work will be used to back up my positions. Finally, effects of the proposed land usage alteration will be discussed and the possible advantages and disadvantages will be expected.Int roductionWith touristry going the thriving and back uping industry of many national states, national Parkss account for a great proportion in the modern travel manner. Therefore, keeping the ecological and commercial values of these Parkss is non merely of import but besides a serious job. Ferntree Gully National Park is one of the five subdivisions of Dandenong Ranges National Park. Bing the south western subdivision of Dandenong Ranges National Park, Ferntree Gully National Park is celebrated for its fitness-related walking and it is besides a popular topographic point for field daies. In order to take full advantage of this national park and keep its ecological and commercial values, researches are conducted and we besides visit this national park. Consequently, this study will discourse the current state of affairs we have learned of this site. And based on this, to assist keeping the ecological and commercial values of this park, constructing a tree-top walk in this site will b e proposed as a manner of land usage alteration. The possible effects including both advantages and disadvantages of this tree-top walk will be discussed at the terminal of this study. During the analysis and treatment, certain statistics and illustrations will be used to enrich this study and back up my point of position.Discussion and AnalysisSite researchThe south-western subdivision, busying about 600 hectares being portion of the larger Dandenong Ranges National park, is known as Ferntree Gully National Park which was named after an 1860 picture of the local wood ( Ferntree Gully, Upper, 2008-11-26 ) . Bing in the suburb country, this national park has a long and colourful history. As studied in the old group work, this site had been used as runing land and so logging country. In 1987 Sherbrooke Forest, Doongalla Reserve and Ferntree Gully National Park were combined to organize the early Dandenong Ranges National Park. Until June 1997, Olinda State Forest and the Mt Evelyn Forest are included in today ‘s Dandenong Ranges National Park. Ferntree Gully National Park is an ideal finish to get away metropolis life for a field day or amble through the wood for tourers all over the universe. It is noted for its walking paths, its positions of Melbourne, its ferneries, eucalypt woods, picnic countries, birdlife, mammals and its vegetations, including 47 species of native orchids, native grasses, eucalypts and bushs such as shrub pea and austral anil ( Ferntree Gully, Upper, 2008-11-26 ) .Site visit studyLocation As we have studied in the old group work, this site is in the south western subdivision of the Dandenong Ranges National Park, it locates between the suburbs of Ferntree Gully and Boronia to the West, Upwey to the South, Tremont and Sassafras to the E and The Basin to the North ( Wikipedia ) . From the map shown below, traffic is convenient in this site. Approximately one hr of the 40 kilometres drive from Melbourne via Burwood Highway or Canterbury Road can take you to the site. Geology Landform The GPS map below approximately shows the Landform of Ferntree Gully National Park. With the aid of GPS, geomorphology development of this site can be studied. Harmonizing to the Department of Primary Industry ‘s description of comparative lift ( McDonald et Al, cited in DPI – Relative Elevation ) , the landforms of Ferntree Gully National Park are classified in two types: height from 90 to 300 metres and altitude above 300 metres. The former is defined as ‘Hill ‘ and the latter ‘Mountain ‘ . Dirt Soil PH is an of import portion of the life environmental conditions for workss and dirt microorganisms. The ideal dirt PH ( H2O ) trial consequence is PH 6-7.5 for most sorts of workss, although many will digest PH 5.5-8.5. Different species may hold different preferred PH scopes, therefore considerations should be taken to take an appropriate life circumstance. From Figure 3, the dirt PH is likely to be 5.5-6.0, looking to be influenced by the vent magma, and shows decrepit acidic. For the bulk workss here ( ferns ) , the most approximative dirt PH is merely 5.5-6.0. Therefore, the local workss species have already been in ideal life conditions in this reasonably acidic circumstance, although the dirt PH is non in the perfect impersonal scope. Climate Rain may impact the local workss and microorganisms. Moderate rainfall may contribute to the exuberant flora and comfortable bugs. The mean rainfall of this site holds steady throughout the twelvemonth harmonizing to Figure 4. Of the rainfall studied by now, the sum of rainfall in February 2011 is about ternary of the average rainfall during the last 17years. This inordinate rainfall may increase the hazards of deluging in the country. As can be seen in Figure 5, topography of the zone does hold influence on the rainfall in this country. The above figure shows a wetting agent western confronting incline and a drier eastern confronting incline. The ground seems to be that the predominating air current from the ocean blows from the West and weakens before making the E. Another of import factor to explicate the local clime must be temperature. Figure 6 shows the maximal temperatures at this site and Figure 7 shows the minimal temperatures. Both figures show that the temperatures of November to March are higher than the other months, which matches with the features of summer seasons of the southern hemisphere. Hydrology Water is the beginning of the life. Water keeps the organisms operation and the land green. From Figure 8, two little brooks can be seen: Ferntree Gully Creek to the south/east and the feeders of Blind Creek to the West, which finally lead to the Dandenong Creek and flows into Port Phillip Bay ( Victorian Water Resources Interactive Map ) . It is a job that no major H2O organic structure is within this site. Ecology Vegetation The coverage of land flora has certain effects on the ambiance and clime in this country. Plant photosynthesis can devour C dioxide and supply O therefore purifies air and weakens the nursery consequence. Harmonizing to the old group work, the species of flora within this site portion a broad scope. In Figure 9, flora of this site can be divided into their native flora group. In Figure 10, it is specified harmonizing to the categorization made by the Department of Sustainability and Environment. The similarity of both figures shows that the flora within this site is separated into many communities and owes a broad scope. Faunas Another biological feature of an eco-system is fauna which forms the cardinal portion of the nutrient concatenation. The superior flora conditions help to back up a assortment of mammals and supply shelters for them.Effectss of constructing a Tree-Top Walk in this siteHarmonizing to the probe and analysis of this site, the park is an ideal topographic point for sightseeing and touristry. With the rapid development of Australian touristry, it is necessary to keep the ecological and commercial values of this park in the long term.fifty Tree-Top WalkThe Tree-Top Walk was the lone Australian attractive force to win an award and was chosen from more than 75 entries from 38 states ( TOURISM WESTERN AUSTRALIA ) . Since it foremost put into usage, it attracts 1000s of repetition clients. Harmonizing to a sample study of 385 on Tree-Top Walk in the south West of Western Australia ( Hughes, M. & A ; Morrison-Saunders, A. , 2002 ) , consequences showed that ‘the bulk of repetition visitan ts to the Tree-Top Walk were female and had returned to demo the site to friends and/or relations who were first clip visitants. First clip visitants were impressed by both the Tree-Top Walk construction itself and the natural forest milieus ‘ . Figure 12 shows a exposure of the Tree-Top Walk.cubic decimeter EffectssAdvantagesTree-Top Walk helps to keep the ecological and commercial values of Ferntree Gully National Park. Tree-Top Walk itself non merely provides a convenient and perfect position of the eco-beauty, but besides it is a giant of modern architecture. Looking down from the high paseo, tourers can good bask the rain forest below and take a breath fresh air at the same clip without destructing the ecosystem. Repeated clients besides bring high benefits for the park. Given below are illustrations of Tree-Top Walk in different attractive forces. ‘The HSBC Tree-Top Walk,a freestanding suspension span, connects the two highest points of MacRitchie and offers an first-class vantage point for the diverse community of workss and animate beings that live in the forest canopy. ‘ ( TA_Singapore_Guide,2010 ) ‘The walk commences at the visitant Centre, which subtly introduces you to the rain forest, falling gently to the entry construction and onto the steel trussed tree walk. ‘ ( Otway Fly Tree-Top Walk )DisadvantagesThingss ever have two sides, no exclusion for Tree-Top Walk. This immense building giant is time-consuming and money-consuming. The park will likely be closed during the building for a long clip and the immense sum of money will be another job. Besides, security steps for possible dangers are to be considered. A survey concentrating on whether the Tree-Top Walk delivered benefits associated with traditional ecotourism shows no optimistic ( HUGHES M. , MORRISON-SAUNDERS A. , 2003 ) .DecisionConstructing a Tree-Top Walk is likely to be an anticipating land usage alteration for Ferntree Gully National Park. Harmonizing to researches and surveies above, it does supply a manner to keep the ecological and commercial values of this site. Although it may confront certain hazards, the possible net incomes accompanied may be immense. Detailed programs and plans should be developed if this undertaking is to be carried out.